"Espionage or spying involves an individual obtaining (i.e., using human intelligence HUMINT methods) information that is considered secret or confidential without the permission of the holder of the information. Espionage is inherently clandestine, as the legitimate holder of the information may change plans or take other countermeasures once it is known that the information is in unauthorized hands. See clandestine HUMINT for the basic concepts of such information collection, and subordinate articles such as clandestine HUMINT operational techniquesand clandestine HUMINT asset recruiting for discussions of the "tradecraft" used to collect this information."

Država čisti račune s građevinarima


Popis društava, čijim će se dionicama isplatiti prava kojima je država svojedobno platila građevinske radove na obnovi nakon Domovinskog rata, utvrđen je na posljednjoj sjednici Upravnog odbora prije desetak dana. Tom je prigodom Vedran Duvnjak, predsjednik HFP-a, elaborirao kako je preostalo za poništavanje još oko 44 milijuna kuna prava nakon dražbe organizirane u siječnju. Tada su ponuđeni paketi u ukupno 112 društava, a poništeno je oko 16,5 milijuna prava udjelima u ukupno 32 poduzeća. Među značajnijim ponuđenim paketima na dražbi bit će i 8,8 posto dionica varaždinske Koke, 2,28 posto dionica splitskog Jadroplova, te 13,4 posto vukovarskog Berga. Luka Rijeka, čijih se 4 posto dionica nudi po početnoj cijeni od 25 kuna, prodaje se četvrtinu ispod nominale, a na burzi stoji oko 130 kuna. Slobodna Dalmacija, za koju je u tijeku javna ponuda EPH od 70 kuna po dionici, ima početnu cijenu od 17,5 kuna. Zbog pritiska uglavnom drugih dioničara, nezadovoljnih prodajom debelo ispod nominalne i tržišne vrijednosti dionica, tijekom dražbe povučeno je bilo čak 12 paketa. U dva najeksponiranija slučaja, hotelima Makarska i Luka Rijeka, formalno su dionice povučene zbog sudskog rješenja u slučaju makarskih hotela, odnosno slabog interesa u slučaju Luke Rijeka. Ipak, dionice Luke Rijeka ponovno su uvrštene na popis za novu dražbu, i to prema rasporedu za idući utorak, 28. travnja. Vedran Duvnjak priznaje kako dražbe ne postižu očekivan učinak pripetavanja jer se ono umjesto na cijeni dionica preselilo na prava, kojima je cijena bila znatno narasla. U međuvremenu je, nakon posljednje dražbe i žestokih reakcija javnosti, o temi prava održan sastanak između predstavnika HFP-a, Hanfe i Državnog odvjetništva, koji očigledno nisu našli razloga za reakciju. Duvnjak pojašnjava kako je prema prospektu pravo neograničeno prenosivo pa su time HFP-u ruke vezane. Budući da se dražbe provode od listopada 2000. godine i da su najvećim dijelom poništene (izdano ih je ukupno 1,6 milijardi kuna, a steklo oko 350 građevinskih tvrtki), HFP želi prije skoroga gašenja institucije i osnivanja Agencije za upravljanje državnom imovinom konačno završiti s namirenjem kapitalnih izdataka prema toj osnovi. "Ovaj način možda nije najprihvatljiviji jer se ne postiže pripetavanje cijenom dionica, već prava, ali je obveza po odluci Vlade", objašnjenje je Duvnjaka zašto se još ne traži drugi način zatvaranja tog duga, osobito u okolnostima u kojima se nalazi trgovina na burzi. Među vrednijim dioničkim paketima, koji će se naći na predstojećem krugu dražbi pravima, bit će Dioki, čijih će se 147.482 dionice, nominalno vrijedne 35,4 milijuna kuna, nuditi po početnoj cijeni od 8,8 milijuna kuna, što je upola manje u odnosu na cijene koje na burzi postiže dionica Diokija

American in Moscow Spy Trial Claims Victory on Key Evidence


A lawyer for an American businessman charged with espionage said today that the judge hearing the case had admitted a crucial piece of evidence that could help to exonerate him. The lawyer, Pavel Astakhov, said the judge let the defense submit documents today showing that the businessman, Edmond Pope, and a professor at Bauman State Technical University, Anatoly Babkin, had been trading unclassified information about torpedo technology when they were arrested in April. Both sides had also agreed in writing that any technical reports acquired by Mr. Pope could contain nothing but unclassified information. ''This confirms that all information in these reports was unclassified and of course this will help to exonerate my client,'' Mr. Astakhov said. The judge, Nina S. Barkova, had repeatedly rejected defense requests, and Mr. Astakhov said the admission now, late in the trial, means that the documents could not be used ''in full measure'' in Mr. Pope's defense. Still, he added, he could use them in closing arguments. He said he expected that the trial would conclude in about a week. Mr. Pope, a former career naval intelligence officer, has been on trial since Oct. 18. Since his arrest, he has been held in a Moscow prison cell and has complained of poor health. He suffers from a rare form of bone cancer, in remission before he traveled to Russia earlier this year as a private businessman to acquire Russian marine and naval technologies. President Clinton and Secretary of State Madeleine K. Albright and a number of members of Congress have called on President Vladimir V. Putin to release Mr. Pope, if not for lack of evidence then for health reasons, but Mr. Putin has insisted that the judicial process go forward. The State Department issued an advisory to American businessmen last summer, warning that trade in high-technology items in Russia could subject them to unwarranted espionage allegations in light of the Pope case. Russian officials in turn accused Washington of undermining the foreign investment and trade climate in Russia. It was not immediately clear whether the developments today would help Mr. Pope overcome earlier testimony heard by the Moscow court. That testimony stated that documents seized by Russian Federal Security Service officers when they arrested Mr. Pope and Professor Babkin, a senior scientist at the Bauman state university, included classified information about the Squall torpedo system. Much of the legal wrangling in the closed-door trial that began Oct. 18 has turned on the question of whether Mr. Pope was trying to purchase unclassified, or ''open'' information about the Squall propulsion system, or whether the transaction included classified material.
By PATRICK E. TYLER
Published: November 28, 2000

Industrial espionage



Industrial espionage is an attempt to gain access to information about a company’s plans, products, clients or trade secrets. In most cases, such conduct, especially when it involves accessing trade secrets is illegal. Sometimes rival companies will search through public records in order to make guesses about a company’s actions. However, when the search goes from the public to the private, industrial espionage is an illegal act and punishable with jail time and financial penalties.
Although the Mission Impossible type of industrial espionage does exist, more frequently spying on another company is fairly mundane. Frequently, spies gain access to private information by finding someone who works for the spied upon company. If this person can be bribed, coerced or blackmailed to get such information, then this is essentially industrial espionage.
Often a recently laid off or fired employee may be disgruntled enough to give out private information for a small or large price. Alternately, some simply want to pad their income while still working for a company. Penalties for a person giving private information away can include quickly being fired, and criminal charges. This is particularly the case when an employee signs confidentiality agreements, or is working on government projects for which he or she has security clearance.
Another fairly common industrial espionage practice is hacking into a company’s computer system in order to obtain private information. Some hackers might use the names or personal information about clients to quickly steal money from them. Others use computer industrial espionage to steal information that might be sold to other companies for a price. Some might use this method as a form of insider trading, to gain information about decisions that would affect stock prices.
Industrial espionage does not frequently resort to violence, since the goal is to obtain a company’s information without the company being aware of the theft. Once the company suspects industrial espionage, they may be able to quickly change access codes, alert customers that their information may have been stolen, or may change their plans to thwart the competitive efforts of a suspected rival company.
The goal for the spy is to get in and out of the information field without being noticed. However, many do note the spy’s attempt. This is particularly the case when industrial espionage involves spyware, programs which give more complete information about a company’s computer user. These programs can allow one to hack into the private files of another computer, or record the keystrokes of a keyboard user. It is estimated that many governments and corporations may use spyware against each other, but spyware does leave behind traces.
In all, most companies expect some form of industrial espionage to be practiced against them. In fact large companies often employ security personnel that work specifically to guard against such spying. Since frequently rival companies or individuals are not caught, it is unlikely that industrial espionage will cease to exist.

Još ima radioaktivnih gromobrana po Hrvatskoj !


SINJ - U krugu tvornice Dalmatinke instalirana su četiri, a u Ciglani jedan radioaktivni gromobran. Oni su davno trebali biti uklonjeni jer u slučaju nestručnog rukovanja ili havarije ti uređaji predstavljaju veliku opasnost za zdravlje ljudi. Provjerite što je s tim gromobranima - sugerirao nam je putem telefona jedan upućeni Sinjanin. Svojedobno je postavljanje radioaktivnih gromobrana bilo pomodarstvo koje nije zaobišlo ni Sinj. Takve uređaje za koje se tvrdilo da su najefikasnija obrana od munje bili su instalirani na zgradi Općine, u krugu nekadašnjeg trgovačkog poduzeća Konkurent, Ciglane i Dalmatinke. Sa zgrade općine i iz kruga Konkurenta radioaktivni gromobrani davno su uklonjeni. Tko ih je uklonio i kako je zbrinut radioaktivni materijal iz njih nismo uspjeli saznati. Ostali su oni u Ciglani i Dalmatinki.Još je 1999. propisana zabrana ugradnje radioaktivnih gromobrana na području cijele Hrvatske, a za do tada ugrađene naloženo je da se moraju ukloniti do 2005. uz obvezu zbrinjavanja u njih ugrađenog radioaktivnog materijala. Tako izvještava Jutarnji list od 19.09.08. pa sada koristi ovu informaciju.

" Face book for spies " A-Space


When you see people at the office using such Internet sites as Facebook and MySpace, you might suspect those workers are slacking off.

A social-networking site for the world of spying officially launches for the U.S. intelligence community this month.

But that's not the case at the CIA, the FBI and the National Security Agency, where bosses are encouraging their staff members to use a new social-networking site designed for the super-secret world of spying.
"It's every bit Facebook and YouTube for spies, but it's much, much more," said Michael Wertheimer, assistant deputy director of national intelligence for analysis.
The program is called A-Space, and it's a social-networking site for analysts within the 16 U.S. intelligence agencies.
Instead of posting thoughts about the new Avenged Sevenfold album or Jessica Alba movie, CIA analysts could use A-Space to share information and opinion about al Qaeda movements in the Middle East or Russian naval maneuvers in the Black Sea.
The new A-Space site has been undergoing testing for months and launches officially for the nation's entire intelligence community September 22.

"It's a place where not only spies can meet but share data they've never been able to share before," Wertheimer said. "This is going to give them for the first time a chance to think out loud, think in public amongst their peers, under the protection of an A-Space umbrella."
Wertheimer demonstrated the program to CNN to show how analysts will use it to collaborate.
"One perfect example is if Osama bin Laden comes out with a new video. How is that video obtained? Where are the very sensitive secret sources we may have to put into a context that's not apparent to the rest of the world?" Wertheimer asked.
"In the past, whoever captured that video or captured information about the video kept it in-house. It's highly classified, because it has so very short a shelf life. That information is considered critical to our understanding."
The goal of A-Space, like intelligence analysis in general, is to protect the United States by assessing all the information available to the spy agencies. Missing crucial data can have enormous implications, such as an FBI agent who sent an e-mail before September 11, 2001, warning of people learning to fly airplanes but not learning to land them.
"There was the question, 'Was that a dot that failed to connect?' Well, that person did this via e-mail," Wertheimer said. "A-Space is the kind of place where you can log that observation and know that your fellow analysts can see that."

Even though Facebook, MySpace and other social-networking sites that inspired A-Space are predominantly the domain of young people, there apparently is no such generational divide on A-Space.
"We have found that participation in A-Space crosses every conceivable age line and experience line. People are excited, no matter what age group," Wertheimer said.
Of course, the material on A-Space is highly classified, so it won't be available for the public. Only intelligence personnel with the proper security clearance, and a reason to be examining particular information, can access the site. The creators of A-Space do not want it to be used by some future double agent such as Jonathan Pollard or Robert Hanssen to steal America's 21st-century secrets.
"We're building [a] mechanism to alert that behavior. We call that, for lack of a better term, the MasterCard, where someone is using their credit card in a way they've never used it before, and it alerts so that maybe that credit card has been stolen," Wertheimer said. "Same thing here. We're going to actually do patterns on the way people use A-Space."
Yes, analysts can collect friends on A-Space the way people can on Facebook. But nobody outside the intelligence community will ever know -- because they're secret. ( from CNN,com)

Espionage history ( wikipedia)

Incidents of espionage are well documented throughout history. The ancient writings of Chinese and Indian military strategists such as Sun-Tzuand Chanakya contain information on deception and subversion. Chanakya's student Chandragupta Maurya, founder of the Maurya Empire, made use of assassinations, spies and secret agents, which are described in Chanakya's Arthasastra. The ancient Egyptians had a thoroughly developed system for the acquisition of intelligence, and the Hebrews used spies as well, as in the story of Rahab. Feudal Japan often usedninja to gather intelligence. More recently, spies played a significant part in Elizabethan England (see Francis Walsingham). Many modern espionage methods were well established even then. [1]
The Cold War involved intense espionage activity between the United States of America and its allies and the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China and their allies, particularly related to nuclear weapons secrets. Recently, espionage agencies have targeted the illegal drug trade and those considered to be terrorists.
Different intelligence services value certain intelligence collection techniques over others. The former Soviet Union, for example, preferred human sources over research in open sources, while the United States has tended to emphasize technological methods such as SIGINT and IMINT. Both Soviet civilian (KGB) and military intelligence (GRU [2]) officer were judged by the number of agents they recruited.